钢液脱气

Leybold 莱宝为真空下的钢液处理提供高度标准化的解决方案。

用于二次冶金钢液脱气工艺的机械真空系统

对钢液进行真空处理可降低其挥发性气体含量（例如氢气或氮气），或调整其碳含量以增强其性能。脱气应用为真空系统带来了诸多挑战，主要体现在极大的气体流量、快速抽气需求、高含尘量和高气体温度。真空系统的设计必须足够耐用，才能满足这些工艺要求。

在脱气过程中，钢包通常暴露在不足 1 mbar 的真空压力下。几分钟后，真空系统将会清除钢液表面释放的气体。为使钢液再生，氩气会从钢包底部的“多孔塞”向上冒泡来搅拌熔池。通常这种脱气装置从未真正做到真空密封。在如此脏污的环境中密封储罐会导致漏气，泄漏量通常在 10-100 kg/h 范围内。

真空系统的设计必须能够应对脱气、氩气和泄漏等产生的巨大气流。Leybold 莱宝可以调整真空系统的大小，使其完全符合所需的抽速要求。

如果必须减少钢液中的碳含量，则通常在 100 mbar 左右的压力下向钢液吹氧几分钟。这会给真空系统带来更多的挑战，真空系统必须能够在粗压下连续运行。对于设计不当的真空系统来说，在如此高的压力下处理热气体很容易引发热问题。

在真空处理过程中，钢液排出金属蒸气，蒸气会冷却、冷凝并形成金属细粉，这些粉尘然后会向真空系统移动。在吹氧过程中，例如在 VOD 或 RH-O 脱气装置中，这种粉尘大量产生。因此，在进入真空系统之前，需要进行粉尘过滤以收集流程中产生的大量粉尘。由于粉尘颗粒通常会自燃，因此必须相应地设计过滤系统。过滤系统不可能 100% 地捕获粉尘，因此仍会有残余粉尘进入真空系统。Leybold 莱宝 DRYVAC 和 RUVAC 系列泵就是专为处理这种干燥粉尘而设计的。此外，系统设计方面还考虑了粉尘的侵入。由于无需配备“集尘器”，所有的系统内部管路也可以根据需要轻松清洗。

钢液脱气的一个挑战是脱气装置不包括任何加热装置，这导致钢液持续冷却。因此，需要进行短暂且不间断的处理来加热钢液。Leybold 莱宝的真空系统旨在满足单个脱气装置的特定抽气要求。但是，过快抽气可能会导致炉渣起泡、大量气体喷出和飞溅。这就是为什么 Leybold 莱宝还提供了非常精确的抽速控制，以使用户能够根据其特定的钢液要求进行可控抽气

Standardized system solutions
Our system solutions
Leybold solution advantages

Standardized system solutions

标准化真空系统解决方案

Mechanical vacuum systems combining Roots blowers and dry screw vacuum pumps are the currently accepted industrial standard. These modern mechanical pump solutions help to reduce operating costs and CO₂ emissions while providing new process control options.

Standard vacuum components are produced in large quantities, thereby offering low cost, quick availability and the highest quality, ensured by stringent ISO9001 production standards.

Our system solutions

我们的真空系统解决方案

Leybold DRYVAC and RUVAC-WH lines are combined into standardized skids. To reach the optimal combination of high pumping speed and low power consumption, a three-stage system design is applied.

Our standard vacuum components are produced in large quantities, thereby offering low cost, quick availability and high quality, ensured by stringent ISO9001 production standards.

By installing standard pumps like DRYVAC and RUVAC-WH in multiple arrangements, Leybold can offer vacuum solutions even for the biggest degassers at a competitive price.”

Leybold solution advantages

Leybold 莱宝解决方案的优势

Leybold’s mechanical vacuum systems offer push-button availability without the need for power consuming stand-by operation. They provide guaranteed pumping speeds and pump-out times and are the most compact solutions with the lowest noise emissions on the market.

Quickest availability of optimized systems along with Leybold’s standards provide the best steel degassing products on the market.
Easily extendable to adapt to your changing needs.
Redundant design, ensuring vacuum treatment even in the unlikely case of individual pump failures
Minimal total cost of ownership. Our vacuum pumps and customized systems are optimized for the lowest possible power consumption, maintenance and service needs
Modern electrical cabinet includes highly innovate software to offer you Industry 4.0 standards
Programmed evacuation ramps by utilization of variable FC-controlled rotary pump speeds and by-pass pressure regulation to prevent slag foaming during pump-down.